Droughts have become a common phenomenon over the past decades in the Great Ruaha Basin, posing significant challenges to water resources, ecosystems, and communities in the basin. This research explores the dynamics of droughts within the region, with a specific emphasis on the implications of a changing climate. It aims to enhance our understanding of how droughts manifest in this region and how they may evolve in response to changing climatic conditions. The outcomes of this study are expected to contribute valuable insights for sustainable water resource management and adaptation strategies in the face of a dynamically changing climate in the Great Ruaha Basin.